RESEARCH SYNTHESIS · PERSONA

Two vendors, two communication realities

A side-by-side view of how communication needs and working arrangements shape everyday stall operations.

Grace Chang preparing food at her night-market stall

Deaf vendor

Snack stall owner

Grace Chang

Work arrangement: Works independently
Approx. monthly income: ¥6,000
Education: Attended a school for Deaf students
Experience: 5 years
Communication: Primarily sign language, with limited spoken communication

Ted Chen working with a partner at a night-market stall

Hearing vendor

Barbecue stall owner

Ted Chen

Work arrangement: Two-person partnership
Approx. monthly income: ¥8,000
Education: Senior high school
Experience: 3 years
Communication: Primarily spoken language

Profiles based on participant interviews · Income figures are approximate and self-reported.